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Electrochemical Determination of Papaverine on Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxide/Graphene Oxide and CNT Modified Carbon Paste Electrode, B. Rezaei, M. Heidarbeigy, A. Ensafi, M. Dinari, IEEE Sensor J., 2016, 16(10), 3496- 503.
A sensitive electrochemical method for the determination of papaverine (PAP) by using MgAl layered
double hydroxide graphene oxide (LDHGO) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) immobilized on
carbon paste electrode (CPE) has been introduced. Electrochemical behavior of PAP as an
antispasmodic was investigated on modified CPE by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry,
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and double step chronoamperometry techniques. Due to the
remarkable electrochemical behavior of MWCNT and the high chemical activity of LDHGO, CNT/LDH
GO/CPE anodic peak current of PAP enhances compared with CNT/CPE and LDHGO/CPE. The
surface morphology of the electrode was studied by the field emission scanning electron microscopy
technique. The effect of experimental parameters, such as pH and scan rate on voltammetric response
of PAP, was investigated. Maximum current was observed in phosphate buffer pH = 9.0. The electrode
reaction followed a diffusioncontrolled pathway. The wide dynamic range of concentration (0.10100
μmol L ) with a detection limit of 0.04 μmol L was obtained for PAP under optimized conditions. This
electrode displayed proper reproducibility, stability, and antiinterference. Low cost, easy preparation,
high sensitivity, and good selectivity have made the modified electrode suitable for the determination of
PAP in urine and plasma matrixes.