S. Mallakpour, Amir Abdolmaleki, Manzar Mahmoudian, Ali A. Ensafi, and Mehdi Mokhtari Abarghoui,

A new hybrid sulfonated polyaniline/quaternized graphene (s-PANINa/q-graphene) is prepared by electrostatic and p–p interactions between positively charged quaternized graphene (q-graphene) and negatively charged sulfonated polyaniline (s-PANINa). The introduction of the s-PANINa into the q-graphene sheets leads to the formation of nanohybrid with layered morphology and high electrical conductivity.
The electrochemical performance of s-PANINa/q-graphene nanohybrid as an electrode material for supercapacitors application is evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge tests in 1.0 M of H2SO4 as an electrolyte. The maximum capacitance of 682 F g-1 is obtained for s-PANINa/qgraphene nanohybrid at the current density of 1.0 A g-1. 70.0% retention of the initial specific capacitance (from current density of 1.0–30 A g-1), which indicates the excellent rate capability and consequently high power characteristics of s-PANINa/q-graphene nanohybrid.Moreover, the proposednanohybridshowsan excellent stability (less than 5% drop after 2000 cycles) with about 100% of
coulombic efficiency. The improved electrochemical performance because of the synergistic effects between q-graphene and the s-PANINa indicates that nanohybrid is a good candidate for high-performance supercapacitors